Reform in the "Fourth Branch": The Federal Administrative Procedure Act of 1946

Thanks to Pete for sending this link!

Grisinger, J. , 2003-08-27 "Reform in the 'Fourth Branch': The Federal Administrative Procedure Act of 1946" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA Online <.PDF>. 2008-10-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p63452_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: The history of the Administrative Procedure Act of 1946, which established minimum standards of procedure for federal agencies and commissions, has often been told as a story about New Deal politics and a conservative Congress, or about elite lawyers protecting their own professional interests. However, the movement for a code of administrative procedure was part of a longer debate about the proper balance between efficiency and the rule of law, and between public power and private right. By the late 1930s, both supporters and opponents of administrative government turned away from external judicial controls on the administrative process, and toward internal reforms. This paper examines how the terms of this debate changed, and why a focus on procedural reform emerged in the judicial, legislative, and executive branches in the 1930s.
http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/6/3/4/5/p63452_index.html

In other ACL news

I've been attacked as an antiSemitic at Constance Cumbey's blog. The thread (which now has 188 comments) had pretty much ignored the topic of communitarianism, although there were a few positive comments, until Dorothy (no last name) sidetracked everyone into discussing my personal religious beliefs and my possible hidden agenda. This is just a partial paste of some of the comments left there for me:

NIKI RAAPANA
When I looked at the links on her website, it was clear that her agenda extended much further than anti-communitarianism.

http://www.samliquidation.com/noahidenews714.htm

is an example of the ugliest kind of antisemitism.

US Law In The Balance
By Niki Raapana
4-16-7

Excerpts:
The term homeland was used in the 1930s to describe a position of the Austrian Minister Zernatto who negotiated terms with the Nazis.

Today it is the term used, By the Nasi of Sanhedrin, the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidim who control the Whitehouse.

----

Of the RED Sofiet Talmudic Edomites of Hell, the Hasidim from the Russian City of Lubavitch, formed by the RED Edomites sent from jew York, Lenin and Trotsky the jews who fomented the TERROR Revolution which eventually MURDERED over 60 million Russians in the same anti-Christ Noahide scheme of Talmud Bavli unto the Dragon they serve

Dorothy

1:37 AM

A commentor about her post:

Dorothy,

I checked out the link that you posted regarding Niki Raapana. If she wrote that stuff it's very disgusting. Much more disgusting in my opinion than the fact that Gary Kah used Eustace Mullin as a source of info about the CFR in his book.

I am hoping we'll find out that her words were copied and pasted into the article but that someone else interjected the anti-semetism.

Calling Jesus a kike is also way over the top. I can't believe she would say that, though I actually never heard of her until Constance invited her as a guest on the Microeffect.

I hope Constance can provide an explanation for the article as I am very troubled by it.

She may have good information on communitarianism, but that's completely unacceptable language.

10:50 AM

Another commentor responds:

TWO DIFFERENT VERSIONS?

Maryanne,

I have found what appear to be two different versions of the "same" article by Raapana:

1. http://www.samliquidation.com/noahidenews714.htm (dated 4-16-07)

2. http://www.newswithviews.com/Raapana/niki14.htm (dated 4-28-07)

Both carry the title "US Law in the Balance"

What's going on here?

11:08 AM

And another:

Young Grasshopper said...

Hmmmmmmmm...

Someone may be trying to make Niki Rapaana look bad.

If you compare the News with Views article she says:

"The term homeland was used in the 1930s to describe a position of the Austrian Minister Zernatto who negotiated terms with the Nazis. Today homeland is a Russian political party and is also used to describe all of Russia. "

ON the site that Dorothy directed us to and which I read, she supposedly says:

"The term homeland was used in the 1930s to describe a position of the Austrian Minister Zernatto who negotiated terms with the Nazis.Today it is the term used, By the Nasi of Sanhedrin, the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidim who control the Whitehouse"

Thanks anonymous 11:08 for bringing this to our attention. We needed to see that!

11:21 AM

And another:

Dorothy, I read the link you provided on Niki. I found it difficult to follow what all she was trying to say but it was very evident she was making some very ugly remarks. Prejudice and racism in any form is unbecoming. There is evil in the heart of every man, and no one group is responsible for all that ails the world. I wonder what she will have to say for her position.

Young Grasshopper comes back with this:

Please go back and read what I wrote at 11:13. Apparently someone injected their own remarks between Niki's words. That site is quite different from the News with Views version of the article that anonymous 11:08 pointed us to.

Dorothy finally explains her opinion of me (and why Constance stopped studying communitarianism):

RAAPANA
Back in June of 2007 I sent Constance many links showing Raapana's links to antisemitic websites. I had forgotten about this until the last few days.

No, someone didn't distort her column. Based on her other connections, she probably just cleaned it up. Go a little deeper with your research and you'll find
much stink.

Dorothy

11:48 AM

Then David says:

How do you even pronounce something like Noahide-whatever? Is communtarianism synonymous with Satanism? For many, many years cities throughout the U.S. have always used a form communitarianism. Emminent Domain has been used by cities to force homeowners off their properties for the sake of progress. Or like in most communities homeowners have to maintain their lawns and shovel the sidewalks in front of their houses. So, this isn't that new of a concept.

I'm a bit skeptical of some of the info from Niki Raapana because community discussions are sometimes just a form of democratic participation that allows ordinary citizens to feel like they have a say in their community(even if it's just an illusion). I just don't buy that every neighborhood meeting is a plot to take over the world.

David in Battle Creek

2:05 PM

I posted a reply after one of the posters emailed me about where the thread was going:

This is Niki Raapana.

Thank you Rudi for alerting me to the accusations of antiSemitism being used to define me and my work. It should be obvious I did not write the version posted at noahidenews. As for the accusation that I have any association with Stormfront, they've accused me of being an "obvious Jewish shill."

I think it's pretty funny that nobody here was all that interested in discussing communitarianism but the possibility that I may be some kind of racist Jew hater brought the attention back on me and my work. Not actually "my" work, not my thesis, not anything about the hundreds of topic pages at the ACL, or the hundreds of blog posts I've made at nikiraapana.blogspot.

Oh no. Instead I'm being asked to "explain" myself to this group who is basing their negative opinion on a plagiarized, edited and expanded article posted at an overzealous freaked out Christian website. How convienent is that?

As an investigative journalist I have included links to all kinds of websites that I don't agree with and have no association with. I'm not trying to protect my readers and I don't refrain from linking to any opinion on the topics I study.

I am ANTI communitarian, and yet I link to hundreds of communitarians to prove my point. Does that mean I'm a "closet" communitarian too?

The charge of antiSemitism coming before any real response to my published, unrebutted, original thesis about the roots of communitarianism is not altogether suprising. This is not the first time this has happened. There's always a gatekeeper on every site who makes sure that my real work is never discussed.

Amitai Etzioni, the founder of the Communitarian Network, is a former Palmach commando from Israel. In order to understand his theory of shoring up the moral, social and policical foundations in the USA, I had to study what he studied. If studying the relevancy of Talmudic Law and Miltant Zionism makes me an antiSemitic, then you should probably add antiChristian, antiBahai, antiIslamic and antiPagan to your slander of me, since I now include controversial research on all these religions.

I honestly don't care what Dorothy thinks of me or my work. If Constance decides to cancel the next show based on hysterical false accusations, that's her right. As a full time volunteer who's been at this for ten years now, I've learned that no matter what I say or how I say it, people only hear what they choose to hear. Few care enough to study it for themselves. Why bother to try to understand exactly what the communitarian agenda is? It's only the religious and legal theory that will "change" the world. Communitarianism blends all the world's religions into one big happy global spirituality, and I already know most "believers" will refuse to admit the role their own religious leaders plays in global harmonization. The communitarians count on it.

Amitai Etzioni studied Kabbalah under Martin Buber when the IDF assigned him to become an academic "guru" of the US movement in 1950. His name in Hebrew means "Tree of Knowledge from Zion." His website calls him the "everything expert."

My work is anti supra national integration, and maybe your time would be better spent learning what that means rather than scouring the internet looking for proof of my hate for the Jews. I study the Jewish state because the Zionists hold high level advisory positions in my White House. Our ACL webhost is a Jewish woman who has never once asked me to take anything down since we built the site in 2003, and I asked her to read the topic pages dealing with her religion in case she found anything offensive. I used to care you see, I never wanted to write anything that would hurt anybody, especially friends. But I quickly figured out the real WAR. It's a War on Words, it's a war on truth and information. Now when I find a topic that's "taboo" I understand why they made it so.

Anyway, sorry to disrupt your discussion here. It was never my intention to intrude on your group.

Constance, I will not hold you to any arrangements we made if it will hurt you to do so. I also will not think less of you or your work if you change your mind. We all have to make choices when we go down the dark trail that leads to the emerging synthesis of ideas. I made the choice to consider everything because Etzioni is the expert on everything; he left me no choice.

http://nord.twu.net/acl/talmud.html
http://nord.twu.net/acl/etzioni.html
http://nord.twu.net/acl/zionism.html

3:12 PM

Then Dorthy shows her true motives and threatens to bring out the big guns.

NIKI RAAPANA
I guess I'll have to post the other information I've gathered about you as well as information about your links which you puffed up with neutral names. I didn't want to do this.

Dorothy

3:27 PM

Then I'm shown how irritating my response was to some readers:

Mrs. Rappana writes:

"It should be obvious I did not write the version posted at noahidenews"

Mrs Raapan,

It wasn't obvious to me. It was confusing.

Then why is the distorted article still there? What serious journalist would allow such dangerous misquoting, endangering one's reputation, to remain on a website unchallenged?

Please help the "less bright" among us to understand.

3:31 PM

Then the topic of communitarianism actually started coming into the conversation:

I would like to add that when you look at the type of community involvement proposed by Obama, this is exactly the type of communitarianism that Niki refers to. This is what REALLY freaks me out by what she reports on. It is difficult to decipher all of the points she makes because she puts out a lot of information.

David in Battle Creek

3:33 PM

So then Dorothy makes her demands and accuses me of using David Icke tactics:

NIKI RAAPANA
You use your own name. Why don't you ask your Jewish advisor to use her own name and post here. We can then see how close she is to the Jewish community.

David Icke uses the same tactic and claimed to have Jewish support for one of his ugly books, given on the back cover. I contacted the synagogues in the area these people lived in and followed up. It was not as he claimed it was.

I'm no innocent when it comes to information about the New Age movement or antisemitism. Over the years I've grown very cynical, and right now I'm very cynical about your comments.

Dorothy

3:36 PM

And anonymous chimes in with:

To Tent Lady (Niki Raapana):

Constance Cumbey answers to no one in regard to who she has on her radio show and that includes Dorothy and the participants of this blog, and probably even her husband. She is a lady who makes her own decisions.

Dorothy is a respected researcher who has been at this game as long as Cumbey. She has a track record that speaks for itself. Her opinion in these matters should be worth a great deal to you.

Legitimate questions have been raised based on contradictory material that is out there about you and your work. You should answer the questions.

If the allegations are false, and you have nothing to hide, calmly knock them on the head and clarify things.

Your post smacks of "hysteria" which makes me skeptical about your objectivity and, in turn, the validity of your research.

Sorry if you find what I say offensive but I have a mind as logical as my convictions are strong.

3:48 PM

Then I'm thrashed for being a non-believer:

I just spent the last few hours perusing Niki Raapana's site, and I feel compelled to say what's in my heart.

Although Dorothy and I have not been in agreement much lately, I must reluctantly concur with Dorothy's assessment of this site. This link in particular made me feel very uncomfortable:

http://nord.twu.net/acl/religion.html

She discusses her own religious beliefs here and gets into the same sort of International Jew theories that I got skewered over a few months ago right here on this blog for mentioning a certain name which I won't mention again. There is something about her that makes me feel distrustful, and I think it may have something to do with her stated lack of faith. I always pray to the Holy Spirit for guidance before I post anything on my blog,as I do not wish to say anything that is against God. Does Nikki pray before she writes these things? While I agree with many of the connections she has made, there is also a part of me that believes that there is a key element missing here, regarding identifying the ULTIMATE enemy,and although some of the players overlap, I think that is intentional. I stated in an earlier remark that I believe there are two distinct groups that are vying for power and world dominance. I wish I could prove it but I can't.

I don't wish to say anything else other than that I hope Constance will continue to stay grounded in the Holy Spirit when choosing guests for her show.

There is something about Nikki's site that troubles me and perhaps it can be summed up in this last paragraph which is taken from the American Thinker article that MAC linked to at the top of this thread:

"Let us, please, stop playing the game of our enemies. During the ghastliness of Stalinism, in the horrors of the Holocaust, those good people who clung to the Judeo-Christian values and beliefs instinctively understood that the enemy of Jews was also the enemy of Christians and that the enemy of Christians was also the enemy of Jews. Nothing has changed. Nothing ever will change. Jews and Christians will always be hated by those who love evil. Look around you today. The Gospel and the Torah are equally loathed by those whose hearts are loathsome. In this season of lights, I pray that Christians and Jews love each other more purely and see real evil more clearly. This is a Hannukah wish and a Christmas prayer."

9:21 PM

Dorothy comes and restates my "agenda" as antiSemitism:

NIKI RAAPANA
Knowing Constance, I'm pretty sure Niki Raapana will be on Tuesday's radio show. As another poster said, Constance will do what she wants to do. I'm posting this and probably other comments so others will have an opportunity to review her work. I will be putting it out in several comments because those who don't want it read will swamp the thread. While the links she posted make it pretty clear where she stands, I will add other sources.

OK Let's look at both sides of Niki Raapana. There is no doubt that she is intelligent, but intelligence doesn't always lead to a message that can be trusted to be truthful. The wrong use of human intelligence can be very destructive to peace in the community.

A while back I said cults use a technique called information overload. It's where so much "information" is jammed into a short period of time and an individual is told he needs to make a decision as to whether to accept or deny and making the wrong decision will be disasterous.

I don't know whether NK uses this tactic deliberately or by chance. Read this old NWV column to see what I mean.
http://www.newswithviews.com/Raapana/niki4.htm
After you've read the column, what do you actually know about communitarianism that will relate directly to what is going in the world around you. A jumble of details doesn't make a logical statement. Almost anything going in the world can fit into those broad generalizations. Yet, the reaction probably will be "I want to know more because I don't want to be left out" rather than "This doesn't really make sense."

Now go to
http://www.jewishtribalreview.org/
a very large website whose agenda is a complication of everything negative that can be found about Jews and the Jewish community, bragging a research section of over 7,360 articles and opinion pieces.

http://www.jewishtribalreview.org/fback.htm
Here Raapana writes a note to them ending "Please know that I consider your work in the highest possible regards. Sincerely, Niki Raapana, founder Anti-Communitarian League"

I think her agenda isn't a study of communitarianism in a neutral setting, but one placing the topic in an antisemitic context. Where few people can understand the mishmash in the NWV article, they are open to scapegoating the Jews.

Dorothy

9:51 PM

Dorothy is an obvious Mossad agent whose loyalties to the State of Israel compell her to disparage anyone who dares to study Zionist changes to the U.S. Constitution. As an enemy of the US, she's got a lot of nerve accusing me of presenting a "jumble" of information when portions of the Talmud were never written down; it requires a lifetime of study for even the most rudimentary understanding of Kabbalistic "law." The fact that Etzioni's name means Kaballah will obviously never be addressed.

That she assumes I am required to give her the name of our webhost or that she can control the sources I use to study is indicative of the power the communitarians think they hold over us. She says when readers go deeper into my website they will find the "stink." Maybe her concern is really that they will find the communitarian stink she so passionately wants to hide from the world.

I didn't know much about Judaism or Israel when I started my studies, beyond the fact that my dad glorified the Mossad and I loved the Sabbath ceremonies I participated in when I was invited to Diane Kramer's parents house while we were in college together at UMass, Amherst. Eric Cohen's parents were also a blast to visit, and I always thought it was funny that they insisted I must be a "lost" Jew because I was so smart and so many of my friends were Jews. As an Alaskan, I found it bizarre that East Coast people cared so much about religion, and asked me all the time, "What ARE you?" My best buddies were Jews and Catholics, and it did irritate some of them that I was also friendly towards Greg, the only Greek Orthodox on our dorm floor. That was in the 80s.

It was 2000 when I started looking into the Talmudic Kabbalistic roots of Etzioni's theory. I learned to avoid the rabid Christian sites because I can't use it when people quote the Bible as their primary historical reference. That said, I did (and still do) find the works of Christians like Berit Kjos, Peter Goodgame and Joan Veon to be extremely valuable. I eventually found myself (and my work) alienated from the mainstream Christian anti-NWO community because I don't share their beliefs. What's weird to me now is it never seemed to bother my Jewish friends that I'm not a Jew, but so many Christians are very bothered by the fact that I'm not a Bible thumper.

Along the way I found several targeted scholarly "antiSemitic" sites that provided me with many unedited, uncensored, verifiable historical references coming directly from the Jewish community. Three of them ended up being a wealth of resources. One is jewishtribalreview. Another is Neither Aryan nor Jew (by Peter Myers, a former Jesuit priest in Australia.) Sweet Liberty with Jackie Patru and her online book Jewish Persecution was also very helpful in my education. After ten years the ACL is still just my daughter and I because I don't fit into any groups out there (nor do I want to). I am extra grateful that I met Bobby Garner at congregator.net. He has never let his Christian faith interfere in our collaborative and supportive relationship.

Now I can't help but wonder what the reaction will be if I write an Etzioni article for the Palestine Think Tank. While we're all sitting around our safe homes arguing about my (lack of) character, the Palestinians live every day with the brutal reality of Zionist occupation. If Americans want to see exactly what the US is going to look like after the Zionist occupation of the US is completed, they need look no further than Gaza and the West Bank. Of course Iraq and Afghanistan come in at a close second.

Should it matter to the Palestinians that the highly esteemed Dr. Amitai Etzioni was with the Hagana commandos who finished up the Irgun "work" at Dier Yassin? How ironic is it that Etzioni, who fought the Iraqis in the 1948 War between British de- controlled Palestine and the seven Arab nations was invited to testify at the international Iraq War Review last summer? The Irgun attack on peaceful Dier Yassin was a pivotal massacre that caused many Palestinians to flee their villages and give up their homes rather than face possible slaughter by Israeli commandos. Those are the people being walled in by the fences, fences Etzioni says are a good idea. Screw it. I'm tired of being polite and avoiding the truth about how the racist Zionist Israelis call the Arabs "dogs." Pretty slick how the most racist "religious" nation on the planet assumes they have been "chosen" by the only God (allowed) to teach the world how to become better people. That the mainstream Christians also promote this belief is beyond my understanding. Like Obama's Chief of Staff Rham Emanuels' Irgun father said, the Zionists in the White House aren't Arabs, and they're there not mopping the floors there, are they Dorothy?

Here's a good example of how the whole "bad guy" Israeli agenda leads to the exact same communitarian solution promoted by the Zionists themselves. The cited "laws" are always international, and the recommended solution is always to take these violations of human rights cases before the British-Dutch Zionist inspired communitarian high court at the Hague. This precedent setting scenario is the ultimate goal. We can't have global governance without a global supreme court granted the moral muscle (ie troops) to enforce it's decisions. Wouldn't suprise me a bit to learn the Mossad agency trains the international armed "peacekeeping" forces or the new EU police, since I already know they train American Community Police, alongside KGB trainers. I was told by a DoD analyst that the Pentagon is using Etzioni's 2007 book, Security First: For a Muscular Moral Foreign Policy in its daily military briefings now.

"This Hilltop and That Hilltop"
Israel's Settlement on Capitol Hill
By ROBERT WEITZEL
http://counterpunch.com/weitzel11282008.html

Here's the Zionist's conception of more moral, muscular persuasion by Kawther Salam - The Bloody Saturday of Israel in Gaza
http://palestinethinktank.com/2008/12/28/kawther-salam-the-bloody-saturday-of-israel-in-gaza/